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Modified RNA help to understand the mechanistic and stereochemical aspects of many biochemical reactions and processes. BOC RNA can provide standard RNA bases. Our custom synthesis services are flexible and versatile to suit any specification.
Base, in chemistry, is originally short for "basic group". Most of the basic groups in organic matter contain nitrogen atoms, called nitrogenous bases, and amino groups (-NH2) are the simplest nitrogenous bases.
Bases, also known as nucleobases and nitrogenous bases in biochemistry, are the nitrogenous compounds that form nucleosides, which are the components of nucleotides. The monomers of bases, nucleosides and nucleotides form the basic building blocks of nucleic acids.
Nucleobases can form base pairs and stack on each other, so they are an important part of long-chain helix structures such as ribonucleic acid (RNA) and deoxyribonucleic acid (DNA).
In deoxyribonucleic acid and ribonucleic acid, the part that plays a role in pairing is the nitrogenous base. 5 bases are heterocyclic compounds, where the nitrogen atom is located on the ring or on a substituted amino group, part of which (the substituted amino group, as well as the nitrogen at position 1 of the purine ring and the nitrogen at position 3 of the pyrimidine ring) is directly involved in base pairing. There are five bases: cytosine (abbreviated as C), guanine (G), adenine (A), thymine (T, exclusive to DNA) and uracil (U, exclusive to RNA). As the name suggests, of the five bases, adenine and guanine belong to the purine family (abbreviated as R), which have a bicyclic structure. Cytosine, uracil and thymine belong to the pyrimidine group (Y) and their ring system is a six-membered heterocyclic ring. uracil takes the place of thymine in RNA and, notably, thymine has one more methyl group in the 5-position than uracil, which increases genetic accuracy.
Nucleosides are compounds in which a base is linked to the carbon atom at the 1-position of ribose or deoxyribose by a covalent bond. Nucleosides are combined with phosphoric acid to form nucleotides, and the phosphate group is connected to the 5th carbon atom of the five-carbon sugar.
Fig. 1 Structure of RNA
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