Isotope Labeling of Oligonucleotides

What is Isotope Labeling?

Isotope labeling is the introduction of isotopes into the structure of a molecule for the purpose of tracing, studying, or labeling specific properties of the molecule. Isotopes are similar elements with the same number of nuclei in an atom but different masses, and have almost identical chemical properties. By introducing isotopes, it is possible to gain a deeper understanding of a molecule's behavior by determining its involvement in a reaction. Common isotopes include hydrogen isotopes (deuterium and hydrogen), carbon isotopes (¹²C and ¹³C), oxygen isotopes (¹⁶O and ¹⁸O), nitrogen isotopes (¹⁴N and ¹⁵N), and phosphorus isotopes (³¹P and ³²P).

• What are Stable Isotope Labels?

A class of atoms with the same number of protons and different numbers of neutrons in the nucleus are called isotopes, which are in the same position on the periodic table and can be categorized into stable and radioactive isotopes. The nucleus of a radioactive isotope is unstable, and it decays into another isotope by spontaneously emitting particles. The isotopes that are not radioactive are called stable isotopes, part of which are stable products formed by the decay of radioactive isotopes, called radiogenic isotopes, and part of which are natural stable isotopes that have remained stable since nuclear synthesis. Stable isotopes are safer, non-polluting and easier to control than radioisotopes, and are widely used in research in geology, ecology, medicine, agriculture and other fields.

Applications of of Isotopes in Oligonucleotide Labeling

Isotope labeling is a technique commonly used in molecular research involving the introduction of isotopes into the structure of molecules in order to trace, label, or study the properties, metabolic pathways, and interactions of those molecules. In nucleic acid research, isotope labeling is commonly used to track the biological behavior of DNA or RNA molecules.

Figure 1. Stable isotope labeling methods for DNA. (H, T, Frank.; et al, 2016)

• Metabolomics Research: Isotopically labeled nucleotides can be used to trace the biosynthetic and degradation pathways of DNA or RNA. For example, ³H thymine can be used to label DNA as it is being synthesized.
• Molecular Structure Studies: Isotope labeling can be used to study the structure and conformation of molecules. For example, nuclear magnetic resonance (NMR) studies using deuterium instead of hydrogen can provide detailed information about the structure of nucleic acids.
• Protein Interactions: In protein studies, isotope labeling can be used to study the interactions of proteins with other molecules, such as nucleic acids or other proteins.
• Molecular Visualization: In microscopy studies, fluorescent isotope labeling can be used to visualize and track the location of specific molecules in a cell or tissue.

BOC Sciences Offers Isotope Labeling Oligonucleotides

BOC Sciences is at the forefront of providing highly specialized and customizable isotope-labeled oligonucleotide services to meet the diverse needs of researchers and industries engaged in cutting-edge molecular research. Our isotope-labeled oligonucleotides are meticulously designed and synthesized to be doped with stable isotopes, enabling researchers to achieve unparalleled precision in their studies.

BOC Sciences offers the following isotope labeling services.

• ³²P labeling service for the introduction of radioactive ³²P into DNA or RNA molecules.
• ³³P labeling service for introduction of the ³³P tag into DNA or RNA molecules.
• ³⁵S labeling service for the introduction of a ³⁵S tag into DNA, RNA or proteins.
• ³H labeling service for the introduction of a ³H tag into DNA, RNA or proteins.
• ¹³C or ¹⁵N labeling service for the introduction of carbon-13 (¹³C) or nitrogen-15 (¹⁵N) labeling into DNA or RNA molecules for nuclear magnetic resonance (NMR) studies.
• ²H labeling is used in NMR studies to reduce background peaks and improve signal-to-noise ratio.
• ¹⁸O marker is suitable for mass spectrometry to assist in the analysis of fragments produced by hydrolysis of nucleic acids.

By choosing BOC Sciences, you gain a reliable and innovative partner dedicated to advancing your research through high-quality isotope-labeled oligonucleotides. Based on industry-leading oligonucleotide synthesis technology platforms and state-of-the-art equipment, more tailor-made services not mentioned are available at BOC Sciences. Please relax and contact us, we always look forward to partnering with you.

Reference

1. H, T, Frank.; et al. Stable Isotope Labeling Methods for DNA. Progress in Nuclear Magnetic Resonance Spectroscopy. 2016, 96: 89-108.

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Isotope Labeling of Oligonucleotides

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