Standard DNA Bases

Modified DNA and modified RNA help to understand the mechanistic and stereochemical aspects of many biochemical reactions and processes. BOC RNA can provide standard DNA bases. Our custom synthesis services are flexible and versatile to suit any specification.

DNA

Deoxyribo Nucleic Acid (abbreviated as DNA) is a type of nucleic acid, one of the four biological macromolecules contained in living cells. DNA carries the genetic information necessary for the synthesis of RNA and proteins and is an essential biomolecule for the development and proper functioning of living organisms.

The structure of DNA is simple. The DNA molecule is composed of two very long sugar chain structures, which are joined together by base pairs, just like a ladder. The entire molecule forms a double helix around its central axis.

DNA Bases

Bases are derivatives of purines and pyrimidines, which are components of nucleic acids, nucleosides and nucleotides.

There are four different bases in the base pairs that form the stable helix structure. They are called A (Adenine), T (Thymine), G (Guanine) and C (Cytosine) respectively.

In the molecular structure of DNA, due to the fixed number of hydrogen bonds between bases and the constant distance between the two strands of DNA, base pairing must follow certain rules - A is always paired with T, G is always paired with C Pairing, A is paired with U during transcription. (Arrange DNA molecules according to the principle of complementary base pairing.) There are two hydrogen bonds between adenine and thymine, and three hydrogen bonds between guanine and cytosine.

Fig. 1 DNA structure

Calculation Rule

1. In a double-stranded DNA molecule, A=T and G=C. i.e. A+G=T+C or A+C=T+G. That is to say, the total number of purine bases is equal to the total number of pyrimidine bases, each accounting for 50% of the total number of bases.
2. In a double-stranded DNA molecule, the ratio of the sum of the two complementary paired bases is equal to this ratio in each single strand of that DNA molecule. (A1+A2+T1+T2)/(G1+G2+C1+C2) = (A1+T1)/(G1+C1) = (A2+T2)/(G2+C2).
3. The ratio of the sum of two non-complementary paired bases in one strand of a DNA molecule is equal to the inverse of this ratio in the other complementary strand, i.e. the ratio in one strand of a DNA molecule is equal to the inverse of this ratio in its complementary strand. (A1+G1)CT1+C1) = (T2+C2)(A2+G2).
4. In a double-stranded DNA molecule, the ratio of the two complementary bases to the total bases is equal to the ratio of any single strand to the base ratio, and is equal to the ratio of the ratio in the mRNA formed by its transcription ratio. That is, double-stranded (A+T)% or (G+C)%=any single-stranded (A+T)% or (G+C)%=(A+U)% or (G+C)% in mRNA.
5. In the DNA molecules of different organisms, the ratio (A+T)/(G+C) of the sum of the complementary paired bases is different, which represents the specificity of each biological DNA molecule.

We Provide the Following Standard DNA Bases

Advantages

• Strict quality control standards, complete records of each batch.
• It can meet the requirements of various experimental projects.
• After-sales technical support is complete, and customized synthesis services can be provided.

Contact us now to get technical advice and more information. Our technical support team will review and provide a quotation as soon as possible!