Transfer RNA (tRNA) is the most abundant RNA present at tens of millions of transcripts in human cells. tRNA is an important adapter molecule that converts the information contained in mRNA into an amino acid sequence. tRNA modifications play a multi-faceted role in decoding and other cellular processes. Modified tRNAs are interesting tools for studying the field of RNA biology, BOC Sciences provides custom specially modified tRNA synthesis services combined with accurate detection of these modifications.
The development of new scalable chemical methods to modify RNA will overcome the limitations of current RNA applications. This will have implications for the fields of biotechnology and therapeutics. Modified tRNAs have potential applications in many fields, such as:
Fig 1. tRNA modifications in the regulation of gene expressio. (Duechler M, 2016)
BOC Sciences offers two synthetic strategies that can be used to generate stable modified tNRAs. The first method is completed through enzymatic reactions, and the second one is developed based on solid-phase synthesis and click chemistry.
BOC Sciences provides a novel tRNA modification strategy that combines the solid-phase synthesis of RNA and chemical ligation, in which several chemically synthesized RNA strands are linked into one strand, thereby creating a large enough tRNA molecule that can be used as a therapeutic molecule. We use an automated solid-phase method to assemble tRNA strands, which are then ligated together to produce fully synthetic tRNAs.
Technical Summary
tRNA molecules play a key role in adapting the sequence of the genetic code with amino acids, which is very dependent on the presence of modified nucleotides in tRNA. We offer high-purity enzymatic tRNA synthesis services for the synthesis of site-specifically modified tRNAs, which are then purified from unmodified tRNAs using selective oligonucleotide-based hybridization methods.
We provide a comprehensive mapping service of tRNA modifications using affinity chromatography techniques. The total modification content of tRNAs can be precisely identified and quantified after the isolation of total tRNAs from whole cells or specific cellular compartments following nuclease digestion to generate oligonucleotides using mass spectrometry. In addition, for certain types of tRNA modifications and their extent, we offer high-throughput tRNA sequencing services for semi-quantitative determination. Our efficient read-through enables the assessment of multiple modifications in the same tRNA molecule.
Specially modified tRNAs contain chemically or enzymatically introduced modifications that influence translation efficiency, RNA stability, and gene regulation, serving as tools for RNA biology studies.
BOC Sciences offers enzymatic synthesis and solid-phase synthesis combined with click chemistry to generate stable, site-specifically modified tRNAs.
Yes, multiple bases, sugars, or backbone modifications can be precisely incorporated at defined positions to create highly customized tRNA molecules.
Modified tRNAs are purified using oligonucleotide-based hybridization and characterized via affinity chromatography, mass spectrometry, and high-throughput tRNA sequencing for accurate mapping.
Modified tRNAs are used in RNA biology research, synthetic biology, plant sciences, animal research, and biotechnology to explore translation regulation and create novel RNA-based molecules.
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