DNA/RNA Modification

The modification of DNA and RNA is a key aspect of the fields of molecular biology, genetics and biotechnology. These alterations aim to change the structure of an organism's genetic material for various purposes, such as creating organisms with increased gene expression, knocking out harmful genes, or stabilizing harmful genes. With the creation of genetically modified organisms (GMOs), precision medicine, and synthetic biology, DNA/RNA modification has had a profound impact on both basic research and therapeutic applications. Here, BOC Sciences can provide different forms, different lengths, and large quantities of chemically modified DNA/RNA. Our custom synthesis service can be flexible and diverse to fit any specifications.

What is Nucleic Acid Modification?

Nucleic acid modification refers to the introduction of additional chemical groups on the DNA or RNA bases, which does not change the arrangement of the gene sequence, but greatly improves the ability of the base to encode genetic information. A growing number of studies have shown that various DNA and RNA modifications are actively involved in the regulation of various life processes, including embryonic development and organ differentiation. Dysregulation of these modifications has the potential to cause disease and even death in humans.

DNA Modification

Nucleic acid modifications refer to the addition of extra chemical groups to the bases of DNA or RNA. These modifications do not alter the sequence of the genes but significantly enhance the ability of the bases to encode genetic information. Increasing evidence shows that various DNA and RNA modifications actively participate in the regulation of numerous biological processes, including embryonic development and organ differentiation. Disruption of these modifications has the potential to lead to human diseases or even death.

RNA Modification

All four DNA bases can undergo different modifications, among which 5-methylcytosine (5mC) is one of the most abundant. As an epigenetic mark, 5mC is closely associated with other chromatin factors and is widely involved in developmental and physiological processes, and even in human diseases, exerting a broad impact on gene expression. N6-methyladenine (6mA) is another important DNA modification. Initially considered to be the most common DNA modification in bacteria, recent studies have found it also exists in some eukaryotes, though its abundance is significantly lower compared to its proportion in bacteria.

Chemical Modification

In the classic central dogma, genetic information typically flows from DNA to RNA and then is expressed as proteins. However, in addition to the genetic code, nucleic acids also contain a complex epigenetic modification system primarily based on chemical modifications, which extends their information encoding capabilities. These modifications participate in various important biological processes by regulating gene expression networks, and are collectively known as epigenetic modifications. Epigenetic modifications typically include chemical modifications to DNA, RNA, and proteins, with chemical modifications to DNA and RNA being referred to as nucleic acid modifications.

DNA / RNA Modifications from BOC Sciences

Oligonucleotide Modifications from BOC Sciences

For more types of modifications, please contact us directly for customized services.

DNA/RNA Modification Service Process

Below are some of the key steps in BOC Sciences' DNA/RNA modification services.

Design and Synthesis of Oligonucleotides

The first stage of the DNA/RNA modification program is the design and synthesis of oligonucleotides. These can be engineered to specifically identify a specific gene or region in the genome, which is usually achieved by short DNA(or RNA) sequences. BOC Sciences uses state-of-the-art bioinformatics tools and algorithms to design highly specific and efficient oligonucleotides. The synthesis is carried out by automatic solid phase chemical synthesis, and the product has high purity and high oligonucleotide fidelity.

Site-Specific Modification

Site-specific editing is an important component of DNA/RNA modification because it allows fine-tuning activities at desired remote genomic locations. These tools include CRISPR-Cas9, Zinc finger nucleases (ZFNs), and transcriptional activator-like effect nucleases. They create specific double-strand breaks in the genome, allowing researchers to insert, delete or even replace genetic material. Based on these cutting-edge technologies, BOC Sciences is able to achieve high precision and efficiency in site-specific modifications.

Methylation and Demethylation

DNA methylation is an important epigenetic mark that controls gene expression. DNA methylation is the attachment of a methyl group to a cytosine residue, usually on islands with CpG dinucleotides and silenced genes. Demethylation, on the other hand, erases these groups and activates gene expression again. BOC Sciences specializes in methylation and demethylation, detecting and studying epigenetic states through sequencing as well as methylation-specific PCR.

Delivery Systems for Modified Nucleic Acids

Efficient delivery of the modified nucleic acid to the intended target tissue or cell is a prerequisite for successful DNA/RNA modification applications. To achieve the collection of improved genetic material, BOC Sicences uses different methods, such as delivery systems for liposomes, lipid nanoparticles or nanoemulsions. We offer customized delivery system development based on usage for optimal transfection efficiency and minimal cytotoxicity.

Quality Control and Validation

DNA/RNA modifications are critical and need to be precise and validated for downstream applications. To confirm the correct sequence and the presence of modified nucleic acids, techniques such as quantitative PCR (qPCR) or high performance liquid chromatography (HPLC) are used. The services provided by BOC Sciences are carried out in a GMP environment with state-of-the-art quality control to ensure repeatability and reliability of DNA/RNA modifications.

The process of DNA&RNA modification service.

DNA/RNA Modification-related Products

Phosphoramidites

DNA/RNA Modification-related Resources

New Research on RNA Methylation Modifications (m6A)

What are Dye Phosphoramidites and Their Applications?

What are Label Phosphoramidites and Their Applications?

Webinar: Viral RNA Modifications and Implications for Novel Therapeutics

Advantages of Modification DNA/RNA Modification Service from BOC Sciences

• Flexible synthesis scales: 50 nmol, 100 nmol, 200 nmol, 1 µmol, 5 µmol, and 10 µmol. Bulk orders are available upon request
• Provide detailed pre-service guidance and after-service follow-up
• Experienced team: scientists and staff with over 15 years of experience in oligo synthesis and modifications
• Provide multiple purification methods
• High quality: QC analysis by MS, HPLC, or PAGE, and comprehensive quality control reports (HPLC/MS)
• Competitive price
• 24 h delivery

BOC Sciences can provide you with high-precision DNA/RNA modification services that meet industry standards, including oligonucleotide synthesis, site-specific modification and base editing or methylation, delivery systems and more. These developments laid the foundation for revolutionary discoveries and gave rise to applications that were unimaginable at the time, from therapeutics to synthetic biology or agricultural biotechnology. As one of the world's preeminent providers of DNA/RNA modification services, BOC Sciences has never stopped working to make genetic modification fully available to enable these technologies. Contact us now to get technical advice and more information. Our technical support team will review and provide a quotation as soon as possible!

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DNA/RNA Modification

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