Phosphoramidites

Role in Solid-Phase Synthesis

In solid-phase oligonucleotide synthesis, phosphoramidites serve as the reactive monomers that are coupled to a nucleoside attached to a solid support, such as controlled pore glass (CPG). Each synthesis cycle involves detritylation, coupling, capping, and oxidation (or sulfurization), with the phosphoramidite coupling step being critical for chain elongation.

High-quality phosphoramidites ensure efficient coupling reactions, minimizing truncated sequences and maximizing full-length product yield. Their chemical stability, purity, and moisture sensitivity directly influence synthesis success, particularly for long or complex oligonucleotides. As a result, phosphoramidites are a key determinant of synthesis efficiency, reproducibility, and overall oligo quality.

DNA vs RNA Phosphoramidites

While DNA and RNA phosphoramidites share a common synthetic framework, they differ in structure and handling requirements. DNA phosphoramidites are typically protected at the nucleobase and 5'-hydroxyl positions and are widely used for routine DNA oligonucleotide synthesis due to their relative stability and straightforward deprotection.

RNA phosphoramidites, by contrast, include additional protecting groups at the 2'-hydroxyl position to prevent unwanted side reactions during synthesis. These extra protections make RNA phosphoramidites more sensitive to moisture and handling conditions but are essential for achieving accurate RNA sequence assembly. Understanding these differences is critical when selecting phosphoramidites for DNA versus RNA synthesis, particularly in workflows involving long sequences or chemically modified oligonucleotides.

High Chemical Purity and Moisture Control

Phosphoramidites are highly sensitive to chemical impurities and moisture, both of which can significantly impact coupling efficiency and overall oligonucleotide synthesis performance. Our phosphoramidites are manufactured to achieve high chemical purity and are handled under strictly controlled conditions to minimize water content and prevent premature hydrolysis. Careful control of purity and moisture helps ensure efficient coupling reactions, reduced side reactions, and consistent synthesis outcomes, particularly for long or complex oligonucleotide sequences.

Batch-to-Batch Consistency and Reproducibility

Reliable oligonucleotide synthesis depends on phosphoramidites that perform consistently across multiple production lots. Our manufacturing processes are designed to ensure batch-to-batch consistency through standardized synthesis, purification, and quality control procedures. This reproducibility supports predictable coupling efficiency, stable oligo yield, and reduced variability during routine synthesis, process optimization, and scale-up activities.

Controlled Manufacturing and Quality Documentation

Phosphoramidites are produced using controlled and well-defined manufacturing processes to support quality assurance and traceability. Each batch is subjected to comprehensive analytical testing to verify chemical identity, purity, and key performance attributes. Clear quality documentation, including specifications and batch records, is available to support integration into quality-driven oligonucleotide synthesis workflows and internal quality management systems.

Reliable Supply for Scaled Oligonucleotide Synthesis

In addition to product quality, supply reliability is critical for oligonucleotide synthesis programs that expand over time. Our manufacturing and inventory strategies are designed to ensure a stable and scalable supply of phosphoramidites, with consistent specifications maintained as production volumes increase. This reliability enables long-term planning, uninterrupted synthesis operations, and smooth transition from small-scale synthesis to larger and repeated production runs.