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Cap analogs are used to introduce a functional 5′ cap during IVT mRNA synthesis, improving mRNA stability and translation efficiency.
Cap 1 analogs include an additional 2′-O-methyl modification that more closely mimics native mRNA and often supports improved translation.
Incorrectly oriented caps cannot be recognized by translation initiation factors, reducing protein expression efficiency.
ARCA is recommended when maximizing translation efficiency and reducing variability caused by reverse cap incorporation are important.
Most cap analogs are designed to be compatible with commonly used RNA polymerases and IVT workflows.
